Analysis of Weinbergers Concepts of Cyberwarfare

Examination of Weinbergers Concepts of Cyberwarfare In June 2010, experts from the antivirus programming organization VirusBlokAda analyzed a PC in Iran because of doubt of malware movement. Prowling inside the machine was a PC worm known as Stuxnet. Stuxnet had a variety of capacities, among them was the capacity to focus on the product that controls siphons, valves, generators and other mechanical machines (Weinberger, 2011). Not at all like different infections that utilization produced exceptional status to get entrance into frameworks, Stuxnet exploited two advanced authentications of validness taken from regarded organizations (Weinberger, 2011). Moreover, it abused four diverse multi day vulnerabilities' which are security holes that framework makers were uninformed of (Weinberger, 2011). As per Liam O Murchu, head of security reaction of Symantec, once Stuxnet tainted a framework, the critical pieces of its executable code would get dynamic just if that machine was additionally running Siemens Step 7, one of the numerous administrative control and information (SCADA) frameworks used to oversee modern procedures (Weinberger, 2011). Symantec likewise found that most of contaminations were in Iran and that the diseases appeared to have been showing up there in waves since 2009 (Weinberger, 2011). Further examination performed by Ralph Langner, a control-framework security expert, brought about proof that Stuxnet had been intentionally coordinated against Iran, the most probable objective being Irans Nuclear Enrichment Facility in Natanz. (Weinberger, 2011). As per Langner, Stuxnet was intended to modify the speed of the fragile rotators which isolated Irans uncommon yet fissionable isotope uranium - 235 from the heavier uranium - 238 (Weinberger, 2011). Inappropriate ad justment of the axes could bring about them turning crazy and breaking. Despite the fact that the Iranian Government will not concede that Stuxnet was liable for the pulverization of numerous axes at Natanz, the outcomes from Langner and others is credited by reports from the International Atomic Energy Agency. The IAEA archived an abrupt drop in the quantity of working axes in 2009, the year that numerous eyewitnesses think Stuxnet tainted PCs in Iran (Weinberger, 2011). There is no proof past gossip that Israel or the US Government may have been behind the assault. Symantec noticed that a name implanted in Stuxnets code, Myrtus, could be a reference to a scriptural tale about an arranged slaughter of Jews in Persia (Weinberger, 2011). In addition, Langner accepts that the U.S. Government could have been behind the assault considering they have both the necessary skill in digital fighting and a long-standing objective of ruining Irans atomic aspirations (Weinberger, 2011). Regardless of Stuxnets maker, the primary developing apprehension is who will ove rhaul it. Stuxnet was the principal weapon made altogether out of code and demonstrated that gatherings or countries could dispatch a digital assault against a societys crucial frameworks (Weinberger, 2011). A large number of the specialists that considered Stuxnet reasoned that it basically spread out a diagram for future aggressors to gain from and maybe improve (Weinberger, 2011). Stuxnet opened another time of fighting and with its code accessible online for anybody to consider and improve, it has PC researchers like Yuval Elovici worried that the following flood of digital assaults would be a lot more grounded than the effect of setting a few nuclear bombs on significant urban communities (Weinberger, 2011). In IS THIS THE START OF CYBERWARFARE? Sharon Weinberger questions whether Stuxnet began another time of fighting. One may find that Weinbergers utilization of supporting proof from numerous believable sources forces a convincing response to a fascinating subject of study. Weinberger underscores the gathered answer is without a doubt truly, Stuxnet presented another period of fighting. Explanations, for example, Stuxnet is the harbinger of another age of digital dangers and that it gave chilling evidence that gatherings or countries could dispatch a digital assault against a societys fundamental frameworks are very much approved by the numerous specialists that contemplated it (Weinberger, 2011). By and large, one would acknowledge Weinbergers steady composing style and the data she introduced in this article. Weinberger was vigorously clever and verified that each point she made was strengthened by solid supporting proof. Besides, one would savor how she custom fitted her article to a more extensive crowd. Simple and direct for a non technically knowledgeable individual to comprehend, but then intriguing to spellbind the psyches of those that are well informed, she gained by the announcements produced using probably the most regarded digital security specialists on the planet. As an understudy who regularly ends up being the salvage to huge numbers of his companions or familys tainted PCs, picking Stuxnet as my subject of study appeared the undeniable decision. I have consistently been keen on PC malware since the day my PC originally got contaminated. I was besieged with irritating advertisements disclosing to me that I had an infection ready and that I expected to type in my charge card number to buy antivirus insurance. Albeit irritating, it made them ask myself numerous inquiries like how did this occur, isnt Windows secure and best of all how would I erase my perusing history. From that point forward, I have consistently had a distinct fascination for malware and have built up an interest of testing the abilities of various antivirus programs in VMware Player. I find numerous things intriguing about Stuxnet yet the thing I find most fascinating is the means by which it spread. Despite the fact that Stuxnet had the capacity to spread through systems, it couldnt taint modern control frameworks by means of the web since a lion's share of them need web network to shield them from malware and unfriendly takeover. (Weinberger, 2011). To move beyond this impediment, Stuxnet had the capacity to secretively introduce itself on a USB drive (Weinberger, 2011). Like an organic infection, Stuxnet utilized people (plant administrators explicitly) as its host of transmission. In the event that one reckless plant administrator were to connect a tainted USB streak crash into a control-framework PC, Stuxnet would start its destruction.â Weinberger, S. (2011, June 9). IS THIS THE START OF CYBERWARFARE? Nature, 142-145. Recovered from http://search.proquest.com.uproxy.library.dc-uoit.ca/docview/872363390?accountid=14694 A years ago Stuxnet infection assault spoke to another sort of danger to basic framework. A little more than a year back, a PC in Iran began more than once rebooting itself, apparently without reason. Associating some sort with malignant programming (malware), experts at VirusBlokAda, an antivirus-programming organization in Minsk, analyzed the getting into mischief machine over the Internet, and before long found that they were correct. Stunningly so: the code they removed from the Iranian machine end up being a formerly obscure PC infection of exceptional size and multifaceted nature. On 17 June 2010, VirusBlokAda gave an overall ready that set off a global race to find what came to be known as Stuxnet: the most advanced PC malware yet found and the harbinger of another age of cyberthreats. Dissimilar to customary malware, which does its harm just in the virtual universe of PCs and systems, Stuxnet would end up targeting the product that controls siphons, valves, generators and other modern machines. It was the first run through marry dissected a danger that could cause genuine harm, that could really make some machine break, that may have the option to cause a blast, says Liam O Murchu, head of security reaction for the universes biggest PC security firm, Symantec in Mountain View, California. Stuxnet gave chilling evidence that gatherings or countries could dispatch a cyberattack against a societys imperative frameworks for water and vitality. We are most likely a few seconds ago entering the period of the digital weapons contest, says Mikko Hypponen, boss research official for F-Secure, an antivirus organization situated in Helsinki. More regrettable yet, the Stuxnet scene has featured exactly how deficient are societys current resistances and how glaring is the hole in cybersecurity science. PC security firms are serious in the commercial center, yet they by and large react to a danger, for example, Stuxnet with close cooperation off camera. Not long after Virus-BlokAdas alert, for instance, Kaspersky Lab in Moscow was working with Microsoft in Redmond, Washington, to chase down the vulnerabilities that the infection was abusing in the Windows working framework. (It was Microsoft that authored the name Stuxnet, after one of the documents covered up in its code. In fact, Stuxnet was a worm, a sort of malware that can work all alone without requiring another program to taint. Be that as it may, even specialists frequently consider it an infection, which has become the nonexclusive term for self-reproducing malware.) One of the most aggressive and complete reactions was driven by Symantec, which kept O Murchu and his overall group of specialists taking a shot at Stuxnet nonstop for a quarter of a year. One significant focus of tasks was Symantecs malware lab in Culver City, California, which works like what might be compared to a top-level natural control office. A sign on the entryway cautions guests to leave PCs, USB streak drives and PDAs outside: any electronic gadget that goes through that entryway, even unintentionally, will remain there. Inside the lab, the group started by dropping Stuxnet into a recreated organizing condition so they could securely watch what it did. The sheer size of the infection was faltering: somewhere in the range of 15,000 lines of code, speaking to an expected 10,000 man hours in programming improvement. Contrasted and some other infection at any point seen, says O Murchu, its a tremendous measure of code. Similarly striking was the advancement of that code. Stuxnet exploited two computerized testaments of legitimacy taken from regarded organizations, and misused four distinctive multi day vulnera

Student-Oriented Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Understudy Oriented - Assignment Example This attention on the understudy accomplishing the target through the encouraging strategies is additionally appropriate to medical attendants in their expert practices. The patients need to turn into the focal point of center in offering the types of assistance. Quiet situated practices in nursing are essential in giving quality social insurance administrations to the patient. Having the necessary mentality, ability and commitments that attention on the best result in nursing will guarantee that the patients get quality administrations. Tolerant situated administrations guarantee that the patient is sheltered and get quality administrations through giving what is ideal to the patient. Offering quality types of assistance may require the participation of different medical attendants that is like the joint effort of the understudy in understudy focused learning. The participation among medical attendants may remember the trading of alternatives and thoughts for how best to deal with the patient. There is likewise need to comprehend the patients’ prerequisites in giving these quality administrations and settling on a choice on the best choice to utilize while being inviting to patients (Small and Small, 2011). Little, D. C., and Small, R. M. (2011). Patients First! Connecting with the Hearts and Minds of Nurses with a Patient-Centered Practice Model. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 16(2), 1.

LSD Myths, Effects, Risks, and How to Get Help

LSD Myths, Effects, Risks, and How to Get Help Addiction Drug Use Hallucinogens Print What to Know About LSD Use By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 10, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on November 13, 2019 Verywell / Brianna Gilmartin More in Addiction Drug Use Hallucinogens Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Opioids Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery In This Article Table of Contents Expand What Does LSD Do? Common Side Effects Signs of Use Myths & Common Questions Tolerance, Dependence, & Withdrawal How to Get Help View All Back To Top LSD, or lysergic acid diethylamide, is a long-lasting psychoactive drug that  distorts and alters perceptions and sensations. In uncontrolled situations, LSD is one of the most potent mood-altering drugs available. It causes profound distortions in the users perception of reality that can last up to 12 hours. Although the use of LSD reached its peak in the 1960s and 1970s, the drug has been around since it was synthesized in 1938. It was synthesized from ergot, a fungus that grows on grains, such as rye.?? LSD is illegal in the U.S. where it is classified as a Schedule 1 drug.?? This suggests that the drug has a high potential for abuse. Also Known As: Common slang terms for LSD include Acid, California Sunshine, Hippie, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, Yellow Sunshine, and Zen.   Drug Class: LSD is a hallucinogenic drug, which means that it causes subjective changes to consciousness, emotions, and thoughts.   Common Side Effects: Some possible side effects of LSD include distorted perceptions, anxiety, depression, flashbacks, dilated pupils, and elevated blood pressure.   How to Recognize LSD LSD is usually sold in tablets or capsules, but sometimes in liquid form. The liquid is sometimes applied to absorbent paper, called window pane or blotter acid, which is cut up into individual doses. What Does LSD Do? Scientists believe that LSD works by influencing the receptors involved in the regulation of serotonin, a neurotransmitter in the brain. Serotonin is involved in the control of behavioral, perceptual, and regulatory systems including mood, motor control, sensory perception, hunger, body temperature, and sexual behavior. When this system is disrupted by taking LSD, it can cause profound distortions in the users perception of reality, or in other words, hallucinations.?? LSD users see images, hear sounds, and feel sensations that seem real even though they are not. These sensory hallucinations can be accompanied by rapid and intense emotional swings. Consequently, an LSD trip can go from being a pleasant experience to a very unpleasant one very quickly, making the effect of the drug extremely unpredictable. What the Experts Say Despite the fact LSD has been around for more than 70 years, there are few, if any, properly controlled research studies about the specific effects LSD has on the brains of those who use it. The research that does exist is comprised of smaller studies and case reports.?? One review of the research on LSD that has been conducted over the last 25 years found that: LSD increases feelings of closeness and trust in others.It makes people more open to suggestion.It enhances emotional empathy but impairs the ability to recognize fear.It increases interconnectivity in some brain networks.It has therapeutic potential, but more research is needed. There are a number of reasons why people use LSD despite the potential dangers. The hallucinogenic effects can seem pleasant. Because of the distorted perceptions and hallucinations that the drug can create, people often feel a sense of specialness or creativity, as if they are achieving an understanding that they could not normally reach without the drug. The problem for LSD users is that all of these effects, pleasant or unpleasant, are so difficult to predict. The same dose of the same batch of LSD can affect one person in a completely different manner from another person. Moreover, a user can be affected differently from one trip to the next taking the same amount and same kind of LSD. Off-Label Uses While LSD cannot be legally prescribed, research on the therapeutic potential of LSD is ongoing and some promising findings have emerged. Studies suggest that the drug may promote neuron growth and may be beneficial in the treatment of drug dependency, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. A 2014 study looked at the use of LSD-assisted psychotherapy in a small group of patients with anxiety. Results suggested that when used in such a controlled setting, LSD could be effective at reducing anxiety, although further research is needed. Common Side Effects Some of the most dramatic effects of LSD reported by researchers in smaller or case studies include: Dramatic changes in sensations and feelings.Feeling several different emotions at once.Swing rapidly from one emotion to another.Altered sense of time.Altered sense of self.Crossover senses, synesthesia (hearing colors, seeing sound)?? These altered perceptions and sensations can cause panic in LSD users.?? Some experience terrifying thoughts, feelings of despair, fear of losing control, fear of insanity, and fear of death. These experiences are what is known as having a bad trip. Scientists have also not been able to explain why some LSD users have flashbacks â€"a sudden recurrence of aspects an LSD trip without warning. These flashbacks can happen within a few days of the original use of the drug or sometimes more than a year later.?? The physical side effects of using LSD include loss of appetite, trouble sleeping, tremors, dry mouth, seizures, and nausea. Signs of Use Signs of LSD use can be distinctive, so you may be able to recognize that someone is using this substance. Some of the common signs of LSD use include: Dilated pupilsDisorientationConvulsionsFlushed skinIncreased body temperatureRambling, incoherent speechBizarre commentsAnxiety or paranoiaPoor appetiteHallucinationsDrug paraphernalia such as tablets, blotter paper, sugar cubes, or gelatin Symptoms of an LSD overdose can include panic attacks, psychosis, seizures, and delusions. If you suspect that someone has overdosed on LSD, contact emergency services immediately and try to keep the individual calm until help arrives. Myths and Common Questions One of the most common misconceptions about LSD is that it is the key to unlocking the inner mind. While people might feel that they are unlocking the secrets to inner awareness during an acid trip, such insights tend to be subjective. The perceptual and thought changes that take place when using the drug are not necessarily a way of understanding the self. Another common myth is that LSD leads to mental health problems. Although LSD can produce some extreme, short-term psychological effects, the use of psychedelic drugs (including LSD, psilocybin, and mescaline) have not been linked to the development of mental health problems. A study published in the British Journal of Psychopharmacology that involved 19,299 psychedelic users found no link between LSD use and past year:?? Serious psychological distressMental health treatmentSuicidal thoughtsSuicidal plansSuicide attemptDepressionAnxiety The researchers concluded there was no evidence that psychedelic use is an independent risk factor for mental health problems. Tolerance, Dependence, and Withdrawal LSD is not considered a physically addictive drug, but continued use will lead to tolerance. When people become tolerant to a drug, they need to take more in order to achieve the same effects. This can be particularly dangerous in the case of LSD because tolerance tends to build quickly and the effects of the drug can be so unpredictable.?? Even more troubling is the fact that LSD tolerance fades quickly, usually within 72 hours. This can result in people inadvertently using a potentially dangerous or deadly amount of the substance. How Long Does LSD Stay In Your System? People begin to feel the effects of LSD approximately 20 to 90 minutes after taking it. These effects can last up to 12 hours, although it may take up to 24 hours for the individual to return to their normal state. LSD can be detected by urine tests for up to five days and by hair follicle tests for up to 90 days. How Long Can LSD Be Detected? Addiction Fortunately, LSD is not addictive and most users eventually get tired of it and simply quit voluntarily, or decrease their use over time. While people do not become physically dependent or addicted to LSD, it is possible to develop a psychological dependence on the drug. People will often seek the drug as a way of reducing or eliminating the unpleasant symptoms associated with psychological withdrawal. Withdrawal Unlike many other substances, withdrawal from LSD is not usually accompanied by a host of negative physical symptoms. People are often able to stop using LSD on their own without experiencing unpleasant symptoms of physical withdrawal. Psychological symptoms, however, can be quite common and may include:   Difficulty concentratingConfusionDepressionFlashbacksAnxietyMood swingsSuicidal thoughtsPsychosisHallucinations How to Get Help LSD misuse can have a serious impact on both the individual and their loved ones. Treatment approaches can include outpatient or residential approaches that may incorporate cognitive-behavioral therapy, individual counseling, family therapy, and group therapy. While there are no medications available to treat LSD use, other medications may be used to treat symptoms of depression, anxiety, or other psychiatric conditions. Talk to your doctor if you are concerned about your LSD use. You can also call SAMHSAs National Helpline at 1-800-662-4357, or use their online treatment locator to find treatment services in your area.

Essay on Annotated Bibliographies; Henri Fayols Work...

Rodrigues, CA, 2001, ‘Fayol’s 14 principles of management then and now: a framework for managing today’s organizations effectively’, Management Decision, vol. 31, no. 10, pp. 880-889. Rodrigues discusses in some detail how Fayols principles of management individually are/are not used in modern management. He doesnt necessarily hold a contention or argument as he is ultimately comparing and contrasting the world of management in US organisations from early 1900s to now. However the result of each of his discussions fall in the same favour each time, which may potentially be viewed as a bias and further as a limitation of this journal. A further limitation of this article is that it blurs the line between positive and normative†¦show more content†¦Pryor, MS amp; Taneja, S 2010, Henry Fayol, practitioner and theoretician – revered and reviled, Journal of Management History, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 489-503. The purpose of this paper by Pryor amp; Taneja (2010) is to illustrate through examining contemporary management and management theories how Fayols contribution of his principles and model theory is relevant in management today. This is done by a process of researching and examining the work of major academics (e.g. Mintzberg (1989), Porter (1985), Taylor (1947), Kotter (1982), amp; Berdaves (2002)) Pryor and Taneja (2010) compare the works and ideas of both Fayol and these authors to find the similarities and differences between their theories. A limitation of this article may be the large focus of similarities between studies, paying rare attention to the differences between Fayol and the given management theorist. Future studies on this issue should be undertaken in an argumentative manner, given equivalent attention to both aspects of the argument. Indeed; this article supports the conclusions of similar studies (e.g. Rodrigues, 2001. Archer, 1990. Fells, 2000) that Fayols theory is relevant today, and that his 5 management functions are evident in all organisations (Hales 1986). Another shared conclusion between journals is that Fayols work sets the foundations of management practise and theory today. Even though Mintzberg (1973) argues differently, his theory â€Å"tends toShow MoreRelatedLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages . . . . . . . . 396 Basic Steps in Team Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398 The Roles People Play in Teams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399 Team Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 The Future of Work Teams in Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 Contingency Approach to Leading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404 xiv Contents Section 6: Coordinating 18—Measuring

Geography and History in the Iraq War Essay - 1245 Words

Geography Shapes the Course of Iraq War The course of the Iraq War has been shaped immensely by the geography of the region for nearly 40 years. The movement of Iraq forces throughout the region, for better or worse, has had many effects on the way in which the way has gone. For instance, these forces often threatened certain resources needed by many countries and regions. The result of this was often war or conflict, concluding in a devastating amount of casualties. This also left Iraq with debt as well as very low resources such as food and water. The basis of the whole entire war has been on certain aspects of the geography, which has had a result of creating many small wars throughout this whole ordeal as well as many other†¦show more content†¦During this time the United States had supported Iraq. The Western powers also supported Iraq, helping Saddam with the creation of chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons. Although, in 1981 Israel attacked and destroyed a nuclea r reactor in which Saddam had hoped to make a bomb. In 1988, both countries eventually agreed to peace. The results of the war were catastrophic with a total of about one million Iraqi and Iranian casualties. Only two years later, Hussein started a war with Kuwait on false claims that it had stolen from Iraqs oilfields. Another one of Husseins false claims was that he stated Kuwait was Iraqs Nineteenth province. With this said, the first Gulf War was started in 1990 (Eugene 4) Within three days, Iraq had taken over Kuwait and threatened Saudi Arabian oilfields. In response to this, the United States initiated Operation Desert Shield to protect Saudi Arabia. Operation Desert Storm began only 4 months after Iraqs initial intent on invading Kuwait. Within almost 4 days, US forces drove out Iraq all the way from Kuwait to the southern border of Iraq. Due to this invasion, Iraq was ordered to destroy all weapons and factories that held and created non-conventional weapons. For many year s, Iraq did not cooperate with UN sanctions. Iraq did not destroy its weapons either. On contrary, it used the UNs oil for food program to acquire even more weapons. Following September 11, 2001, the United States began to make itShow MoreRelatedInternational Relations During World War II1344 Words   |  6 PagesMatteson September 19, 2014 Honors International Relationsâ€Æ' Contents Introduction 3 Early History 3 Recent History 4 Current Conditions 6 Geography 6 Domestic Policy 6 Religion 6 Terrorist Groups 7 Government 8 Political Structure 8 Significant Leaders 8 Economy 8 International Relations 8 The United States 8 (Other Nations†¦) 8 Global Issues with Precedence 8 (Issues†¦) 8 Outlook 8 â€Æ' Introduction Early History Before adopting the name Iran in 1935, the country was known as Persia. 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Belonging Band of Brothers Free Essays

Admat-2 by Matthew Humphreys, Band of Brothers Band of Brothers is a television series based on easy company from the 101st Airborne division, during their training and deployment to Europe throughout WW2. It follows the story of the soldiers and officers throughout the war. It is narrated throughout by Major Richard Winters from his time as a second lieutenant all the way through until he is battalion commander. We will write a custom essay sample on Belonging Band of Brothers or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is based on a true story and shows a sense of belonging that the solders feel throughout their time together along with a sense of not belonging felt by â€Å"replacements† and also by the soldiers themselves as they think of home. It has many links with Romulus in this sense because of the challenge that migrants face to belong and also through the hardships that Romulus and Raymond face with Christina`s illness. Belonging will be shaped by the challenges faced. This can be linked to band of brothers through the greater sense of belonging felt as an individual because of the struggle and challenges that the group faces. Throughout the war individuals become closer because of the battles won as a group it gives them commonality to build on. For example after easy company parachute into Normandy they are ordered to go and take out artillery positions that are defended by several machine guns. These positions are targeting Utah beach and their elimination is key to success of the landings on that beach. The German strength is estimated at 50 men; however the strength of Winters Company is 13 men, none the less they are successful in the attack. This attack is still repeated at West point as an example of how to assault a fixed position, the success of this attack gained much respect from both his superior and the men that he commanded. This respect allows them to work effectively together and gain a sense of belonging through this mutual respect for each other. This allows them to continue to build on this throughout the numerous other challenges that they face as a battalion including the charge during operation market garden in which he led a platoon of men against two battalions of German SS and drove them back over a river inflicting heavy losses. This accumulates throughout until the men see each other as family towards the end of the war. This is also evident in Romulus my father when they first come to Australia through Romulus seeking out other Romanians, this is because they face the same challenges to belong and adapt to Australian society. They gain each other’s respect through their actions for example Romulus allows them to stay with him and they return this favour by looking after Raymond when Romulus is unable to do so. Commonality is essential to belonging; this is evident in Romulus My Father as many of the characters are faced with common experiences throughout the book from living in a rural area, to being discriminated against for being a migrant and also in dealing with a family member who has a mental illness. This allows those who have experienced this commonality to feel a greater sense of belonging. In Romulus My Father Raymond and Romulus are brought closer together through Christina`s illness and mental instability. This is also evident in Band of Brothers as replacements are brought into Easy Company to replace wounded and killed solider they are not accepted into the company as they don`t have the commonality with the soldiers. They haven’t been in battle before and therefore are not trusted like those before them however once trust is gained through new common experiences allows them to understand and fell the same sense belonging. This is also evident as the original solider returns to the company after the Battle of Bastogne, it was the worst battle the company faced and because of this it was felt throughout the company that no else could understand what they had been through. It is also evident towards the end as a replacement is on patrol with a Normandy veteran, the veteran deliberately forgets and calls him by the wrong name. When the replacement asks â€Å"when are we going to jump into berlin† he is meet with a replies that this is the best of the war, boots that are enclosed, a hot shower every night and a warm bed to sleep in at night and no trees exploding in your face. This shows the lack of understanding from the new solider and therefore doesn’t allow him to belong. Techniques used in Band of Brothers include recount by winters throughout the series, another technique used is emotive music and enhanced sound effects. It also uses cut away shots during the siege of Bastogne, the camera cuts from Lt. Dyke back to winters during the attack giving the impression that it is happening real time and that decisions must be made that will cost lives. Sarcasm is also used towards replacements and all of the other soldiers realise what is happening except for the replacement adding to the sense of belonging felt by the other soldiers. How to cite Belonging Band of Brothers, Essay examples

Tionne Tenese Watkins T-Boz Essays - TLC, Rozonda Thomas

Tionne Tenese Watkins : T-Boz born: April 26, 1970 in Des Moines, Iowa began performing: started singing in church influences: Prince, Janet Jackson, Patti LaBelle role in TLC: main singer, business head of TLC Named one of People's '50 Most Beautiful People of 1995 Other projects: acting role as 'Tionne' in Hype Williams' 1998 film 'Belly' Started own companies: Shee Inc. and Grunge Girl Music released 'Touch Myself' - controversial song included on soundtrack Fled started a clothes line with Dallas Austin called Grungy Glamorous wrote a book of poetry and has a cartoon in progress Lisa Nicole Lopes : Left Eye born: May 27, 1971 in Philadelphia, PA began performing: began musical career as a rapper in Philly; performed in school plays and performances; talented in creative writing, sewing and dancing role in TLC: rapper; writes many of the lyrics Other projects: A featured musician in the hit song "Not Tonight - The Remix" - along with 'Lil Kim, Missy Elliot Hosted MTV show 'The Cut' Featured artist on the song "Cradle Rock", part of Method Man's album "Tical 2000" Runs own record company called 'Left Eye Productions' Has started own publishing co. called 'U.N.I. Publishing, Inc.' Will be releasing her own solo album later this year called Fantasy1.com - guest musicians will be Erick Sermon, Wyclef of the Fugees, the Bandits, Tangi, among others Rozonda Thomas : Chilli born: February 27, 1971 in Atlanta, GA began performing: danced professionally for Damian Dame role in TLC: singer; choreographer named one of People's '50 Most Beautiful People' in 1996 Other projects: Appeared on the film "Have Plenty" Recently had a baby boy named Tron with writer/producer Dallas Austin! Has started own publishing company 'T-Ron Music (BMI)'. Sings lead vocals on first FanMail release 'No Scrubs'

Consumerism in Weeks Lintons Article Burden of the Modern Beast

Consumerism in Weeks Lintons Article Burden of the Modern Beast Introduction This paper analyzes impacts of consumer-driven society in the modern culture. Actually, Weeks Linton wrote an article entitled â€Å"Burden of the Modern Beast† to explain effects of consumers-driven custom in human community. Weeks Linton made an exciting study when he observed that people normally carry many belongings during commitments. Indeed, the article asserted that many persons carry bags when moving from one place to another or when doing different activities.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Consumerism in Weeks Lintons Article â€Å"Burden of the Modern Beast† specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the modern life, people are burdened with much stuff they carry out in their daily events. Actually, modern human being carries much stuff than inhabitants who lived in earlier generation. For example, in 1900s, people who engaged in painting profession never carried complicated stuff. Ne vertheless, in the modern time, painting task has become so much sophisticated due to technological advancement. For instance, modern Laptop holders have pouches meant to carry whole lot of stuff. Weeks Linton viewed that human being carry many belongings because he/she do not want to depend on a fellow being. In fact, such things people carry do not promote community life in human society. Indeed, such people usually become self dependent and isolated from others. For instance, this is evident when modern people engage in portable games, purchase complex Laptop cases, Cell Phones, and IPods (Rosa Eschhol, 2009). Moreover, modern human beings carry much stuff due to the fact that they feel insecure. Actually, people perceive that adversary is always out to attack them. In fact, people carry preferred devices for survival means. In addition, Himes asserts that human life, in the modern era, is much liquefied. Thus, they carry belongings in order to be equipped to engage in various a ctivities such as family commitments, school activities, work occupation, and leisure time (2007). According to Rosa Eschhol, modern people have become concerned whether human gains of material richness have prepared them to acquire happiness in life or not (2009). In fact, modern people are not happy and contented in life. Actually, modern people have incurred too much cost of acquiring materialism at expense of losing integration of community life in society. Modern human being has attained impressive progression in terms of global invention over the last three decades. Indeed, people have access to many material choices. For example, human being has acquired efficient products such as Whistle, Bells, and Gadgets (Fine, 2005). Actually, people have acquired sophisticated devices that efficiently and progressively make human life better. However, modern human being is not faring well simply because he/she sets aside minimal time to share human values with acquaintances. Indeed, pr omotion of environmental and social conscientiousness is a failed approach. Besides, Fine opines that it is important to note that modern people cannot segregate democracy from capitalism (2005). Actually, capitalism flourishes well where democracy deteriorates. However, capitalism has over powered democracy. At present, people refer to modern world as democratic capitalism.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Rosa Eschhol, it is inevitable that consumerism is growing because of increase in rationalization (2009). On the other hand, rationalization is growing because of need for consumerism. Actually, consumption is a real mass phenomenon due to the fact that people have to use goods and services in order to exist in life. Indeed, consumerism is an essential means of survival. In fact, people usually use material possession in order to live. However, rational ization is a blame for modern consumption in human society. Indeed, rationality has promoted people’s search for desired aims. People normally focus on satisfying their wants through consumerism. In addition, Rosa Eschhol opine that materialism is not just objects, but a device in which human being expects to attain visions in social status, reputation, esteem and aspiration (2009). Moreover, consumerism has offered a prospect for people to display and convey their identity (Himes, 2007). In fact, this justifies why people hold material things. Human superficial preoccupation to exterior manifestation of materialism is part of blame and problem. Modern people have been influenced into harmful livelihood due to wickedness of rationality (Rosa Eschhol, 2009). Moreover, consistent involvement in media images and human willingness to be ahead of other people has caused selfish attitude in people who always aspire to acquire massive wealth more than others. Conclusion People nee d to embrace shared human values by abandoning cycles of purchasing and requiring more materialism through establishing consciously essential and legitimate natural life in their human activities. Such attitude is acquired through adopting Godly life. Indeed, people need to be involved in creative social events and resting involvement while minimizing exposure of non-intercreative activity and noise experience. Moreover, power of endurance and patience is helpful to reduce psychological depression and establish God’s inspiration into people’s lives. In fact, people need to explore kindness in many natural ways rather than engaging in quest for individual prosperity accretion. Furthermore, consumers’ culture needs to put their interest on mission of God rather than material possession. Generally, the culture of value attainment is influenced by personal attitude and norms. These norms control property acquisition and belief in inter and intra personal commitment and interaction.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Consumerism in Weeks Lintons Article â€Å"Burden of the Modern Beast† specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More References Fine, B. (2005). Consumerism in 20th Century Britain: the Search for a Historical Movement. Review of Social Economy, 63, 10-26. Himes, K. (2007). Consumerism and Christine Ethics. Theological Studies, 68, 54-80. Rosa, A., Eschhol, P. (2009). Models for Writers: Short Essays for Composition. 10th ed. New York: Bedford/St. Martin’s.

Understanding Specially Designed Instruction

Understanding Specially Designed Instruction The Specially Designed Instruction (SDI) section of the Individual Education Plan (IEP) is one of the most important parts of this important document. The special education teacher, along with the IEP team, determines what accommodations and modifications the student will be receiving. As a legal document, the IEP not only binds the special educator but the whole school population, as every member of the community must deal with this child. Extended test time, frequent bathroom breaks, whatever SDIs are written into the IEP must be provided by the principal, the librarian, the gym teacher, the lunchroom monitor, and the general education teacher, as well as the special education teacher. Failure to provide those accommodations and modifications can create serious legal jeopardy for the members of the school community who ignore them. What Are SDIs? SDIs fall into two categories: accommodations and modifications. Some people use the terms interchangeably, but legally they are not the same. Children with 504 plans will have accommodations but not modifications in their plans. Children with IEPs can have both. Accommodations are changes in the way in which the child is treated in order to best accommodate the childs physical, cognitive, or emotional challenges. They might include: Extended time for tests (the standard is one and a half times as long as allowed, but in most general education classrooms unlimited time is not uncommon)Frequent test breaksThe ability to move around the classroom (especially kids with ADHD)Bathroom breaks when neededSpecial seating (for example, in front of the class or separated from peers)A water bottle at the students desk (some medications create dry mouth) Modifications change the academic or curricular demands made of a child to better fit the childs ability. Modifications might include the following: Modified homework10 words or less on spelling testsScribing (the teacher or an aide writes the responses, as dictated by a child)Separate, modified tests in content areasAlternate forms of assessment, such as dictating, oral retelling, and portfolios Individual Education Plan Its good to have a conversation with other teachers as you are preparing the IEP, especially if you need to prepare that teacher to deal with Accommodations they are not going to like (such as bathroom breaks without requests). Some children have medications that make them need to urinate frequently. Once an IEP is signed, and the IEP meeting is over, be sure every teacher who sees the child gets a copy of the IEP. It is also important that you go over the Specially Designed Instructions and discuss how they are going to be carried out. This is one place a general educator can cause him or herself some serious grief with parents. This is also a place where that same teacher can earn the trust and support of those parents.

Coca-Cola HBC Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Coca-Cola HBC Case - Essay Example al understanding on giving high importance for customer value, CCHBC was able to formulate essential moves in order to achieve its strategic aims through its operations management practices. In great detail, the success of CCHBC in achieving its strategic aims includes its operation strategy, operation model, operation process and supply network. One important reason why operations management practices of CCHBC enabled it to achieve its strategic aims is simply made possible by activating control within its target market, an integral part of its supply network operation. This is made evident by ensuring that its supply chain management (SCM) could function efficiently. When it comes to what is efficient, CCHBC was able to invest in technology, infrastructure and organisational practices especially in its demand-driven SCM. The main point of CCHBC is to reach its target market at a highly affordable cost so it is important that its service delivery together with its associated custome r value is controlled through its efficient SCM. Product availability, operational performance and reliability, the nature of demand are some of the most important factors to be considered in understanding the nature and implementation of efficient SCM (Mentzer, 2001; Li, 2007). For instance, CCHBC wants to optimise positively some certain costs associated with inability of certain products so it is important that primary attention should be focused on product availability and monitoring. In fact, this is one of its reasons why there is a need to diversify its product offerings up to certain range anywhere and at any time ensuring availability whenever customers would need them. Its operation management practices enabled the company to put everything in order to meet the organisation’s... The intention of this study is Coca-Cola Hellenic Bottling Company (CCHBC) as a company that essentially looks forward to how it could present the best part it could offer to its customers. In today’s highly advanced economy, every firm or organisation is faced with the need to achieve their competitive advantage through giving focus on providing value for customers and ensuring teamwork and efficient working organisational structure and system. This paper tries to establish some important strategic issues associated with Coca-cola HBC (CCHBC), one of the largest bottlers of non-alcoholic beverages in Europe. In this paper, the proponent discusses relevant issues concerning how CCHBC provides value for its customers, its capacity management, issues concerning its suppliers, and the role of management information system and data mining in improving its effort to increase the value it provides for its customers. Creating the best value for customers is therefore tantamount to ac hieving the right possible approach within the bound of both internal and external business environment and including economic and non-economic factors and other related business concerns. It is therefore recommended that CCHBC has to explore further in great detail other relevant strategic moves that could help enhance its capacity of creating the best value for its customers. At some point, it is important on its part to explore more about the impact of MIS and sophisticated data mining approach on its strategic objectives prior to understanding its customers and creating a need and value for them.

A literary analysis of The Red Masque of Death Research Paper

A literary analysis of The Red Masque of Death - Research Paper Example He also used gothic tales at times to raise questions about the cultural anxieties of his era†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (50). Similarly the Masque of Red Death is one of the master pieces of Poe’s works. This story depicts a tale of the lives of the aristocracy. In order to save his loyal and noble friends and their families from a fatal disease called Red Death Prince Prospero arranges for an estate where all his fellow aristocrats would be safe from the death and disease. Through this story Poe mocks the social hierarchy and its discrimination according to which the commoners should suffer all the decay and disease as stated in the story, â€Å"the external world could take care of itself† (106). Here the external world represents the commoners while the nobles are kept safe in the walls of the royal estate. Poe makes use of various stylistic and linguistic techniques in his short story to illustrate death which is the bitterest reality of life and tries to make his readers under stand that in the eyes of God and fate bloodlines hold no importance because the ultimate end of every human being is death. 2. Theme of Death The concept of death that Poe uses in the story itself represents plague. This plague can be perceived as the decaying and degeneration of human morals and ethical values, injustices of the social hierarchy as well as the invincible side of human nature that leads them to believe that this life is permanent instead of a temporary habitat. The various techniques that Poe uses to demonstrate the theme of death includes color imagery, symbol of the seven rooms and the indirect amalgamation of the concepts of Christian mythology with over all destruction and degeneration that is usually associated with death. 2.1. Color Imagery As it is also apparent from the title the red color has a lot of symbolic significance in the prose as red is the color of passion and it is also associated with anger and wrath. In terms of the title the color red can als o be interpreted as the symbolic representation of wrath of Poe that is directed towards the absurd social strictures of the society and the mentality of human beings who believe that wealth and royal bloodlines gives them the testimony and asserts that misery and suffering cannot reach them because of their superior stature in the society. As Sova also suggests, â€Å"The story also contains elements of an allegory that represents death as being inseparable despite one’s social status and all human efforts to run from it and shut it out† (110). The gradual progression of the inhabitants of Prospero’s estate from one colored room to another at the party also holds a lot of symbolic significance. As Quinn and Rosenheim also state that, â€Å"The description of luxurious chambers of prince prospero leads, step by step, to flaming scarlet of the last room, which throws its weird light against the ebony blackness of the velvet curtains† (331). The contrast of red against black is very dark yet vibrant. According to Pennell’s understanding, â€Å"†¦decorated in black the final room glows in red the two colors associated with passion and death† (55). Another interpretation of this contrasting pairing of the two colors can also be that it is Poe’s style of mocking his fellow beings according to which black symbolizes the monotonous life and ignorance of the elite class and figuratively the eminent red color reiterates a death knell or an

English Language Essays Language play in Literature

English Language Essays Language play in Literature What is the role of language play in literature? Language play, the use of words and language to create new and unusual meanings and correspondences, has long been used by authors to ensure that their words have an impact on readers. Poets, playwrights and novelists, both classic and contemporary, use language play to conjure the readers’ imagination without wordy descriptions or long explanations. Language play affords writers the opportunity to say more with less, evoking vivid imagery causing the reader to feel the action, rather than simply reading words on a page. â€Å"Literary language is different from everyday language because it draws attention to some property of the language itself, and highlights or foregrounds it. This foregrounding surprises the reader into a fresh perception and appreciation of the subject matter.† (Jeffries, 1996, p. 163) There are many different type of foregrounding used by authors, most of which are also considered to be types of language play. Out of the tradition of language play comes the phrase â€Å"to play on words† which usually refers to the most basic form of language play, punning. But this phrase can also be taken in this context to refer to other types of language play including: metaphors, similes, rhyme, alliteration, assonance, onomatopoeia, and many other more technical forms of language play. Many authors use language play to create their own distinct style, not only setting their words and ideas apart, but also themselves as writers. These authors have used language play to break literary conventions and create their own literary trademarks. One of the most notable authors known to persistently use language play in their literature is William Shakespeare, who broke conventions of subject matter and language use far before his time. Shakespeare’s use of language play has ensured that his plays remain relevant to this day, while the works of his contemporaries often appear dated or irrelevant today. Shakespeare instilled timelessness in his works by using numerous language play conventions to create visual pictures for his readers and audiences. He mixed the use of poetry and prose in his plays to mark changes in the narrative, notably the movement from conversation to soliloquies. This use of language play is effective both when reading the texts and listening to the words aloud. As text the movement from prose to poetry has a distinctly different look on the page, just as the rhythm of speech changes when read aloud. In his poetry he often uses rhyme, alliteration (the repetition of consonants), assonance (the repetition of vowels) and onomatopoeia (words that sound like the things or actions they describe, such as, pop) to create a distinct, memorable rhythm within the text. This use of language play within the text also creates text which is notably easier for actors to recite and remember. But probably the most notable language play convention used by Shakespeare is punning, which he used to great effect both in his tragedies and comedies. â€Å"Shakespeare was a dedicated punster, not only for comic but also tragic purpose†¦. An example is Hamlet’s cry: Is thy union here? Hamlet, v. iii. 340) When he realises that his mother has drunk the wine laced with a poisoned pearl (a union) by the man she has joined in union or marriage, thus bringing about her union with death. Here a pun compresses meanings and emotions in a powerful and poignant manner. (Cook, 1996, p. 220–221). Shakespeare also used punning for comedic purposes in his comedies and romances. There are numerous examples of banter in Shakespeare’s comedies. These banters often not only serve a comedic purpose but also move to develop characters or shed insight on to the plot. In Twelfth Night the fool or clown character, Feste, appears by the end of the play to be the most intelligent and insightful character, and as a result he is loved and respected by all. FESTE  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Good madonna, why mournst thou? OLIVIA  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Good Fool, for my brothers death. FESTE  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I think his soul is in hell, madonna. OLIVIA  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I know his soul is in heaven, fool. FESTE  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The more fool, madonna, to mourn for your brothers soul,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   being in heaven. Take away the fool, gentlemen. (Shakespeare, Act. 1 Scene 5) In this passage Shakespeare uses word frequency to focus the readers attention on the role of Feste as the fool. The effect of word frequency is that as words are repeated they gain a greater effect upon the reader, (Graddol, et. al. 1994, p. 227-228). As the word fool is repeated throughout the passage, and throughout the play, it focuses the readers attention to the irony in that the one character that can see everything that is going on within the complicated play if Feste, the fool. At the beginning of scene five Olivia calls for Feste to be taken away because she does not understand what he is trying to say, he then proves himself to be more sound of mind then she, the true Shakespearean fool. â€Å"People’s understanding of texts not only depend on a general knowledge of the world, but also involve strategies of comprehension which are not peculiar to language (Graddol, et. al. 1994, p. 218). In this sense authors often depend on reader’s knowledge, assumptions and opinions to gain the reactions they desire from their readers. Thus, in Twelfth Night even though Feste is referred to as the fool the audience soon learns to listen to him for insight into the story. Just as Shakespeare uses language play to enrich his plays and ensure their timelessness, similarly, Gabriel Garcia Marquez infuses his works with evocations of the magical and surreal, while remaining within the classification of literary fiction, rather than crossing the boundary into science fiction, although many of his story-lines could easily be classified as science fiction or fantasy. Marquez uses unusual metaphors to create a unique world where, often, the past present and future coincide, yet Marquez presents his narratives in such a visual and powerful fashion, that they not do not appear strange. ‘Through the window he contemplated the sea grown drowsy in the ennui of four o’clock, and realised with a heavy heart the swallows had returned,’ (Marquez, 1995, p. 20). In this passage Marquez uses language play in a number of ways. Firstly he uses the reader’s assumptions of what certain words should mean and which other words they should be grouped with, these assumptions are referred to as schemas and frames (Graddol, et. al., 1994, p. 216-8). Furthermore he uses collocation (Jeffries, 1996, p. 169), which is linked to the idea of schemas and frames, using the idea of grouping unusual words to create an impact upon the reader. In his description of the â€Å"sea grown drowsy† Marquez uses the idea that most readers would see the sea as unruly and goes against that by describing it as drowsy, creating a sense of melancholy with only a few words. He also uses the readers understanding of the phrases â€Å"heavy heart† and â€Å"swallows returning† to express the idea of sadness in time passing. Without saying that time has passed the use of the phrase â€Å"the swallows had returned† indicates to the reader that it is now spring and the character in question is unhappy about it. Both authors manage to resist being pigeonholed by using language play to paint vivid dynamic pictures in the reader’s imagination. They depend on the reader to fill in the details of what they are describing, and in doing so avoiding the need to describe details which could confine them to a specific period or genre of literature. If there were no language play, there would be no literature because there would be only one way of saying any one thing. Language play affords authors the ability to personalise their thoughts, and those of their characters, creating dynamic narratives. Much of literature is referential, but without the use of language play we would merely have repetition rather than reference. â€Å"No text is produced which is not in some way affected by texts, both spoken and written, literary and non-literary, that have gone before it’ (Jeffries, 1996, p. 181). It is their use of language rather than their ideas, which set authors apart from one another. BIBLIOGRAPHY Cook, G. â€Å"Language play in English† (pp. 198-227). In: Maybin, J. and Mercer, N. (1996). Using English: From conversation to canon. London: Routledge. Graddol, D., Cheshire, J. Swann, J. (1994). Describing Language. â€Å"7.4: Written Language.† (pp. 214-234). Buckingham Philadelphia: Open University Press. Jeffries, L. â€Å"What makes English into art?† (pp. 162-184). In: Maybin, J. and Mercer, N. (1996). Using English: From conversation to canon. London: Routledge. Marquez, G.G. (1995) Of Love and other Demons (translated from Spanish by Edith Grossman). Toronto: Knopf Canada. Shakespeare, W. Twelfth Night. Act 1, Scene 5. In: http://www.shakespeare-literature.com/Twelfth_Night/5.html

Dementia And The Associated Stigmatisation Health And Social Care Essay

Dementia derives from Latin de intending ‘out of ‘ and work forces intending ‘the head ‘ . Dementia is an organic mental upset which affects the encephalon. Furthermore, dementedness is a degenerative progressive procedure. The CDCP ( 2004 ) states that dementedness is the 5th taking cause of decease amongst the 65 plus group. Dementia affects all groups every bit ; â€Å" no societal or racial lines, and the hapless, the wise and the simple alike are affected. † ( McCugh et al, 1999: 7 ) No two people will hold symptoms that develop in precisely the same manner, and symptoms vary depending on the advancement of the unwellness. Symptoms by and large comprise of memory loss, freak out, damages with logical thinking, opinion and apprehension, trouble with executing daily things, psychotic beliefs, agitation, restlessness and rational damage. Age is an of import hazard factor. Dementia is rare below the age of 65, but unluckily it still can happen but on the plus side it can still be diagnosed. Those people diagnosed with dementedness under the age of 65 are described to hold early onset dementedness. A recent instance survey is that of Mark Priddy who was diagnosed with Alzheimer ‘s disease at the age of 36. As a individual ‘s age additions, the prevalence of dementedness additions. The prevalence of dementedness amongst the over 65 is one out of 20, increasing to one individual out of five amongst the over 80. Types: There are many types of dementedness as dementedness is the umbrella term.Alzheimer ‘s is the most common type of dementedness. The Alzheimer ‘s Society found that Alzheimer ‘s disease affects around 417,000 people in the UK. Alzheimer ‘s disease occurs when a alteration in construction of the encephalon occurs, where ‘plaques ‘ and ‘tangles ‘ develop. There are besides a diminishing figure of nervus cells. Chemical alterations besides occur within the encephalon, where chemicals are involved with the transmittal of messages within the encephalon are at a deficit peculiarly the neurotransmitters acetylcholine. Changes such as these within the encephalon construction and the chemical science of the encephalon, cause encephalon cells to decease. Symptoms of Alzheimer ‘s disease involve confusion, temper swings, backdown, and communicating jobs and the ulterior phase, trouble with feeding, walking and continency occurs where the likelihood of dependence will happen. Blood supply to the encephalon allows the encephalon to work decently, and to be healthy. Blood is delivered through the vascular system, supplying O to the encephalon. When blood ca n't make the encephalon, the cells dice and the encephalon becomes damaged, taking to vascular dementedness. High blood pressure can be a cause for vascular dementedness. It is really of import to place and handle high blood pressure. A individual shot is called single-infarct dementedness, nevertheless, it is more common that a series of little shots occur, which is so called multi-infarct dementedness. It is said that vascular dementedness has a ‘step-like ‘ patterned advance, of where a sudden impairment occurs. Dementia with Lewy organic structures histories for a little figure of the entire instances. The Alzheimer ‘s Society has estimated that dementedness with Lewy organic structures histories for around 4 % of all instances of dementedness with the aged. Lewy organic structures occur when proteins in the celebral cerebral mantle and the encephalon root develop and construct up. It portions its features with Alzheimer ‘s disease and Parkinson ‘s disease. However, the individual ‘s memory is less affected compared to Alzheimer ‘s. Similar symptoms to Parkinson ‘s disease include musculus stiffness, awkwardness, loss of facial looks and scuffling. The differentiation between the two is of import as it can hold profound deductions for direction. Front-temporal dementedness is another rare signifier of dementedness, and includes Pick ‘s disease. Damage occurs to the front-lobe of the encephalon, which is responsible for our behavior, emotional responses and linguistic communication accomplishments. Often, the person ‘s memory remains integral, but their personality and behavior alterations. Other symptoms include loss of suppressions, a decrease in or deficiency of address, acting unsuitably, and or going aggressive. This type of dementedness is characterised by a younger of oncoming, with the 75 old ages old being a rare to be diagnosed. Diagnosis: Early on symptoms are frequently elusive doing it hard to name. It frequently takes up to one twelvemonth or longer for a concluding diagnosing to be made. Dementia is merely identifiable with certainty after a post-mortem scrutiny. Early diagnosing is of import as it allows better attention programs to be developed for the hereafter, and interventions can besides be started. Doctors employ a figure of schemes to name dementedness. It is of import that they rule out any treatable conditions, such as depression, or vitamin B12 lack. Doctors frequently begin with patient history and physical scrutiny. They can urge a specializer, of which encephalon trials take topographic point. Imaging scans, such as a magnetic resonance imagination ( MRI ) scan, which can supply information about the physical province and construction of your encephalon The mini-mental province scrutiny ( MMSE ) is a Screen for Cognitive Impairment. It is most normally used to prove for ailments of memory jobs or when a diagnosing of dementedness is being considered. The trial consists of a series of inquiries and trials, where each inquiry answered right receives points. From an accomplishable mark of 30, the lower the mark the more terrible the disease.A Peoples with Alzheimer ‘s disease by and large score 26 points or less. It must be noted that the MMSE is non a trial for Alzheimer ‘s disease or any other cause of dementedness. However, the trial is questionable. First, there are many other grounds why person might score less than 26 points. Second, Holzer at Al ( 1984 ) argues that the †choice of a cut-off mark to find the presence of dementedness is slightly arbitrary. † ( Ineichen, 1998: 11 ) Treatments and Remedies: Although dementedness is irreversible and incurable, intercession techniques have been developed to better the jobs every bit much as possible. The attacks do non work with everyone, so there must be an recognition of single differences, jobs and their willingness to set about intercession. For illustration, if depression is developed during the early phases of Dementia, this can be treated. Besides, prompting techniques can be used for memory loss. Busch ( 1984 ) found four subjects within curative attacks. These include world orientation, reminiscence, remotivation and resocialisation. It is non merely the patients who can be approached but besides the household and health professional via reprieve and support groups. Taulbee and Folson ( 1966 ) back up the methods of intercession, reasoning that it †makes the patient feel that he is worth something after all, that he can still carry through something. † Drugs merely have a impermanent consequence, handling the symptoms but non the causes. Nonetheless, some drug interventions available can better the symptoms or decelerate down the patterned advance of the dementedness in some persons. FDA -approved drugs for dementedness are known generically as donepezil ( Aricept ) , and memantine ( Ebixa ) , and besides galantamine ( Reminyl ) , and rivastigmine ( Exelon ) have been recommended for the intervention of dementedness. Donepezil ( Aricept ) , galantamine ( Reminyl ) and rivastigmine ( Exelon ) are licensed for the intervention of mild to chair dementedness. Aricept, Exelon and Reminyl are known as Cholinesterase inhibitors, which increase the degree of the chemical acetylcholin in the encephalon to increase communicating between nervus cells because dementedness leads to a loss of nervus cells. Memantine ( Ebixa ) is licensed for the intervention of moderate to severe Alzheimer ‘s disease. Ebixa is different in that it blocks t he chemical glutamate. Dementia amendss nerve cells, which release inordinate sums of glutamate, doing farther harm of the encephalon. Drugs are non effectual for everyone, with estimations of between 40 to 60 % of people profiting from drugs. However, these drugs may be seting some aged at hazard with their side-effects. These normally include diarrhoeas, fainting, sickness, fainting and utmost side-effects including fainting, slow bosom beats, and hallucinations. However, drugs have become â€Å" chemical blackjack † in the intervention of dementedness. It was revealed that the NHS has struggled to get by with the lifting Numberss of dementedness patients and as a consequence have turned to anti-psychotic drugs, which was prescribed ab initio for schizophrenic disorder. The National Audit Office says up to 150,000 people with dementedness were unsuitably prescribed drugs, lending to a possible 1,800 deceases a year.A Much research is being done on dementedness in order to assist physicians better understand, diagnose, and handle the disease. Previous researches carried out have found correlativities that vitamin vitamin E and vitamin b12 may forestall the diminution with the aged. An American survey suggests that decrease of fatty acids in the encephalon can assist handle Alzheimer ‘s, yet this survey was carried out on mice and hence can non be generalised to human existences. Experts predict that fleshiness leads to dementia and therefore a healthier lifestyle including a better diet, more exercising and lower blood force per unit area can cut down the hazard. The Dementia 2010 study estimated that the cost of dementedness in the UK was ?23 billion in 2008, with each patient bing ?27,647 per twelvemonth. As Rebecca Atwood emphasiss, â€Å" We need a committedness to a major addition in research support if we are to get the better of dementedness one time and for all. † She stresses farther that â€Å" If we do non significantly increase investing in dementia research in order to develop new interventions, we are headed for an unmitigated societal and economic catastrophe. † The National Dementia Strategy, produced by Department of Health promised ?150m would be used to â€Å" pump premier † diagnosing and intervention. Despite this promise, dementedness is still non seen as a precedence and remains further down the picking order as its cause for concern is non that of a high precedence. Amyyas Morse, the caput of the NAO, said the 2009 authorities scheme had been meant to â€Å" transform the lives of people with deme ntedness † . â€Å" The action nevertheless, has non so far matched the rhetoric in footings of urgency†¦ it is improbable that the intended and much needed transmutation of services will be delivered within the scheme ‘s five twelvemonth timeframe. † Curates have admitted merely 3 per cent of the medical research budget is spent on analyzing Alzheimer ‘s and its related conditions, while funding for malignant neoplastic disease and bosom disease has risen. The Medical Research Council and the Department of Health revealed that in 2008/09, passing on dementedness research fell 7 per cent to ?29.9 million. At the same clip, funding for malignant neoplastic disease surveies rose to ?250 million and ?75 million for bosom disease. ( Martin, 2009 ) Despite warnings of increased agony, the deficiency of concern may be related to perceptual experiences of ageing. In decision, one of the stigmatism of dementedness is agism, and this agism is holding an consequence on research and support of dementedness.

Innovative Methods to Fund a Newly Set Up Business - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1212 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? BUSINESS FINANCE Innovative methods to fund a newly set up business Business Partner When you wish to start a business and you find yourself with not enough capital but are aware of someone who is interested in joining hands with you in your business, you can definitely opt for a business partner. A business partner will not just help in contributing to the capital but will also lend his hands for the functioning of the business. It is very important for the partners to have their goals aligned in the longer run. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Innovative Methods to Fund a Newly Set Up Business" essay for you Create order Venture Capital Venture capitalists invest in businesses with vast growth opportunities and they do so in the early stage of the business. Earlier venture capitalists used to receive a share in the business but now they demand debt financing and share in the business. Venture Capitalists function on the basis of making a couple of huge wins to cover up their ample failures. It is known that three forth of the businesses receiving funding in this method fail. Second Mortgage The following loans knock into the protected equity one may have in their home. One can calculate how much one can borrow for the second mortgage by considering the value of the home and subtracting it by yet to be paid mortgages. The interest rates are very low compared to other sources of funding. One must be cautious as there are instances where lenders only lend up to 75-85% of the real value of the home. These are also called as home equity lines of credit. Credit Cards Credit Cards are looked upon as a transitory measure between getting ones venture started and getting financing such as a loan. Credit Cards have very high interest rates which makes hardly possible for business to consider it as a long term capital. Credit Cards have mostly been used in the situations where the entrepreneur had no other alternative to get funding for his business. Even the founders of Goggle have funded their company with the help of a credit card in the mid 90s. My own uncle funded his textile business temporarily with a credit card when he had no other options. Family and Friends Lending money from your family and friends can be very risky when it comes to a startup. More than 40% of times people lending from family and friends have failed. Collecting funds from your family can make the situation more complex and ruin personal relations. But if you share a very comfortable relations with your peers it is not a bad option if your business becomes successful even family and friends benefit from it. One must always remember to draw documents before indulging in the type of funding method. Crowd funding Crowd funding allows the public to fund your projects using their own funds. One has to pitch in the idea that one wants to see funded. It is up to people if they like your idea or not and if they it is up to them on how much they want to invest. A lot crowd funding websites use reward base model where the investor reward as the product that they have invested in. This reward base model seems to changing to equity for reward. The popularity of crowd funding is increasing by the day and some of the crowd funding websites are Fundable and Kichstarter Product presales Selling your products is an often-overlooked and highly effective way to raise the money needed for financing your business. Entrepreneurs can raise funds with a pre sale of their products. The biggest challenge is in coordinating the inventory delivery times from the supplier so that we could start fulfilling orders. Another challenge is forecasting the number of units we can pre sell, resulting in a shortage. Entrepreneur Priska Diaz was able to raise $50,000 for her companyBittylabwith a presale of her Bare air-free baby bottles. Her presale efforts allowed her to drive website traffic, get additional social media followers, and offer discounts to customers. The money Diaz was able to raise helped her pay for inventory, and also helped to open some doors in retail and learn about her websites visitors. Though Diaz was able to benefit greatly from this means of financing, there were still some difficulties to overcome.  · Side business New business owners can try double-dipping as a means of funding their startup. Entrepreneur Alex Genadinik used his revenue from tours he organized on ComeHike.com to launchProblemio.com, which builds mobile apps for planning and starting a business. After receiving donations for some of the free hikes he led, Genadinik began to charge for events, where he marketed his new site to hikers. I tried everything else before that, including monetizing with ads and becoming an affiliate reseller for outdoor gear, but it didnt quite work, Genadinik said. This allowed me to work on my project without the distraction of looking for investors.  · Selling assets Sometimes, you may have a financing method and not even realize it at first. That was the case for entrepreneur Hamid Saify, who was able to fund his opinion-sharing community,ChoicePunch, by selling a car he had wanted to pass along to his children. Though it was a tough decision, Saify was able to make $30,000 from the sale of the car. That money, in turn, went toward some very important aspects of the fledgling startup. I used some of that money to help with the last payments to our design and development contractors, Saify said. The rest I put into our account and used to help support marketing during our beta launch months.  · Winning a contest Other times, businesses can benefit from a bit of luck. That was the case for Roberto Torres and Luis Montanez, who funded a portion of their startup costs for apparel companyBlack Denimwith winnings from abusiness-plancompetition. We utilized the funds to purchase manufacturing equipment that allowed us to scale our products and meet demand, the owners said. This advantage gave us the opportunity to increase our production and get into bigger players like Stein Mart and Walt Disney World. The competition also gave us access to business experts that asked us the tough questions while allowing us to retain our equity à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬  a perk that would have been very difficult to obtain otherwise.  · Renting out your home or apartment Cutting out liabilities is another creative way for new business owners to fund their startups. For Fay Johnson, founder and editor ofdeliberate LIFE, that meant renting out her apartment. Johnson was able to do this by placing her San Francisco apartment on Airbnb and renting it out for anywhere between five nights and a month at a time.The decision has been successful for Johnson, who has used the money raised to fund the costs of the first few issues of her magazine. Though the move has allowed Johnson to finance her startup, it has not come without its share of headaches, including tight time restraints. As an entrepreneur, time is one of your most valuable resources, Johnson said. When renting, I have to keep in mind that I need to clean and reclean the apartment, and since I work from home, I also have to find a place to work during those days. ARSH BHATIA 4BBA-B (HON) 1311706

How to Apply for Food Stamps

For over 40 years, the federal Food Stamp Program, now officially named SNAP - the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program - has served as a mainline federal social assistance program designed to help low-income families and individuals buy the food they need for good health. The SNAP (Food Stamp) program now helps put nutritious food on the tables of 28 million people every month. Are You Eligible for SNAP Food Stamps? Eligibility for SNAP food stamps depends on the applicant households resources and income. Household resources include things like bank accounts and vehicles. However, certain resources are NOT counted, such as a home and lot, Supplemental Security Income (SSI), the resources of people who receive Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF, formerly AFDC), and most retirement plans. In general, individuals who work for low wages, are unemployed or work part-time, receive public assistance, are elderly or disabled and have a small income, or are homeless may be eligible for food stamps.The fastest way to find out if your household is eligible for SNAP food stamps is to use the online SNAP Eligibility Pre-screening tool. How and Where to Apply for SNAP Food Stamps While SNAP is a federal government program, it is run by state or local agencies. You can apply for SNAP food stamps at any local SNAP office or Social Security office. If you are unable to go to the local office, you may have another person, called an authorized representative, apply and be interviewed on your behalf. You must designate the authorized representative in writing. In addition, some state SNAP program offices now allow online applications.Normally the applicant must file an application form, have a face-to-face interview, and provide proof (verification) of certain information, such as income and expenses. The office interview may be waived if the applicant is unable to appoint an authorized representative and no household member is able to go to the office because of age or disability. If the office interview is waived, the local office will interview you by telephone or do a home visit. What to Bring When You Apply for Food Stamps? Some things you may need when you apply for SNAP food stamps include: If You Are Employed: Last four pay stubs or a letter from employer stating gross and net wages for the past month.If You are Unemployed: Proof that your employment was terminated. Also identification and claim cards for unemployment benefits.Proof of Household Resources: Bring all savings account passbooks (including parents children). Bring all checking account books in addition to your last checking account statement and canceled checks. All stocks, bonds, savings certificates, annuity funds and credit union membership, etc. must be reported and verified.Proof of Income: Bring a copy of income tax return for past year. If you are self-employed, a profit and loss statement for the current calendar quarter is required.College Students: Bring proof of education expenses (tuition) and proof of income (loans, scholarships, contributions, earnings).Social Security Number(s): Bring the Social Security number for each member of your household. If a member of your household does not have a Social Security number, your food stamp certifier will assist you in obtaining one. No More Paper Coupons: About the SNAP Food Stamp EBT Card The familiar multi-colored food stamp coupons have now been phased out. SNAP food stamp benefits are now delivered on SNAP EBT (Electronic Balance Transfer) cards which work like bank debit cards. In order to complete a transaction, the customer swipes the card in a point-of-sale device (POS) and enters a four digit Personal Identification Number (PIN). The store clerk enters the exact amount of the purchase on the POS device. This amount is deducted from the households EBT SNAP account. SNAP EBT cards can be used in any authorized store in the United States regardless of the state it was issued, except in Puerto Rico and Guam. Stores stopped accepting paper food stamp coupons on June 17, 2009.Lost, stolen or damaged SNAP EBT cards can be replaced by contacting the state SNAP office. What You Can and Cannot Buy SNAP food stamp benefits can only be used to buy food and for plants and seeds to grow food for your household to eat. SNAP benefits cannot be used to buy: Any nonfood item, such as pet foods; soaps, paper products, and household supplies; grooming items, toothpaste, and cosmeticsAlcoholic beverages and tobaccoVitamins and medicinesAny food that will be eaten in the storeHot foods The SNAP program requires stores to carry a certain number of â€Å"staple† foods— meat, dairy, grain, fruit, and vegetable items.   Trump Moves to Expand List of Allowed Staple Foods On April 5, 2019, the Donald Trump administration proposed a new federal regulation adding canned spray cheese, beef jerky, lemon juice, and pimiento-stuffed olives to the list of staple foods approved for SNAP purchase. The U.S. Department of Agriculture stated the change would save SNAP grocery vendors money â€Å"under the revised minimum stocking requirements for staple foods.† Under the proposed rule, stores could stock up to six fewer staple items, resulting in a savings of about $500 per store over a period of five years. According to the Federal Register notice of the proposed rule, canned spray cheese would qualify as a dairy product staple, beef jerky as a meat, poultry or fish staple, and lemon juice and jarred pimiento-stuffed olives would qualify as staple fruits and vegetables. Do You Have to Be Employed to Get Food Stamps? Most SNAP participants who can work, do work. The law requires all SNAP recipients to meet work requirements unless they are exempt because of age or disability or another specific reason. More than 65% of all SNAP recipients are non-working children, seniors, or disabled persons. Some working SNAP recipients are classified as Able-Bodied Adult Without Dependents or ABAWDs. In addition to the general work requirements, ABAWDs are required meet special work requirements in order to maintain their eligibility. The ABAWD Time Limit ABAWDs are persons between the ages of 18 and 49 who have no dependents and are not disabled. ABAWDs can only get SNAP benefits for 3 months during any 3 year period if they do not meet certain special work requirements.​ In order to remain eligible beyond the time limit, ABAWDs must work at least 80 hours per month, participate in qualifying education and training activities at least 80 hours per month, or participate in an unpaid state-approved workfare program. ABAWDs can also meet the work requirement by taking part in a SNAP Employment and Training Program. The ABAWD time limit does not apply to people who are unable to work due to physical or mental health reasons, pregnant, care for a child or incapacitated family member, or are exempt from the general work requirements. For More Information If you would like more information, the USDAs Food and Nutrition Service offers an extensive Questions and Answers Web page on the SNAP food stamp program.